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The old, very popular, and quite international term apoplexy (or its equivalents “apoplectic attack,” “apoplectic ictus,” and “ictus”) today generally means stroke. The word “apoplexy” comes from the Greek meaning “stroke” and “to strike.”...
Anthrax is an acute zoonotic disease, primarily of herbivorous animals, which is transmissible to humans. The causative organism is Bacillus anthracis, often referred to in earlier, and especially in French, texts as bact´eridie, the...
Anemia, an insufficiency of red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin for oxygen-carrying needs, results from a variety of disease processes, some of which have existed since ancient times. It was defined in quantitative terms...
Amebiasis is an infection of the colon caused by a parasitic protozoan, the ameba Entamoeba histolytica. Several species of ameba inhabit the large intestine. Most are harmless commensals or minor parasites, usually causing little...
In 1906, Alois Alzheimer first described a neurological disorder of the brain associated with global deterioration of cognitive functioning and resulting in severe social impairment. Once thought rare, senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type is...
The word ainhum is derived from a term in the Nagos language of East Africa meaning “to saw.” It describes the development of constrict-ing bands about digits, almost always the fifth, or smallest, toe,...
African trypanosomiasis, or “sleeping sickness,” is a fatal disease caused by a protozoan hemoflagellate parasite, the trypanosome. It is transmitted through the bite of a tsetse fly, a member of the genus Glossina. Sleeping...
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), first identified in 1981, is an infectious disease characterized by failure of the body’s immunologic system. Affected individuals become increasingly vulnerable to many normally harmless microorganisms, eventually leading to...
Now that you have some sense of what we’re doing wrong, I want to introduce you to the places where people are eating better and living longer, healthier lives. According to the CIA’s World Factbook, these are...
Why make an effort to reform our dietary habits from the ground up? I hate to say it, but at this stage in the game, it’s because we have no choice. In recent decades, we’ve...